Impact International Journals and Publications
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IMPACT INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS AND PUBLICATIONS
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AVAILABILITY AND USE OF LEARNING SUPPORT SERVICES FOR PUPILS WITH DYSLEXIA IN GOVERNMENT COMPREHENSIVE SPECIAL SCHOOL, LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Dyslexia, a specific learning disability affecting reading, spelling and phonological processing remains under-recognized and under-supported in many Nigerian special education settings. This study assessed the availability and use of learning support services for pupils with dyslexia in Government Comprehensive Special School, Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The study specifically identified available learning support services, determined the frequency of their use, examined factors affecting utilization and assessed challenges teachers face in service provision. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The total population for this study was 28 teachers. Census sampling technique was used to sample the entire population for the study. A 25-item structured questionnaire was used to collect data and analyzed using mean scores with a criterion mean of 2.50 for acceptance. Findings revealed limited availability of specialized learning support services for dyslexia with only basic accommodations like extra time during assignments and simplified worksheets being available. Frequency of use of available services was low due to multiple barriers. The findings revealed that inadequate teacher training in dyslexia-specific interventions, lack of appropriate instructional materials and insufficient funding were the major factors affecting use of learning support services. Key challenges identified were limited assistive technology and absence of screening and assessment tools for early identification of dyslexia. The study concluded that without targeted interventions and resources, pupils with dyslexia in Government Comprehensive Special School, Lafia will continue to experience barriers to effective learning. It was recommended that school administrators should prioritize the establishment of a dyslexia screening and assessment unit in the primary school section. Nasarawa State Ministry of Education should institutionalize regular training and professional development workshops for teachers.
Copyright (c) 2026 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, adaptation, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
CONTAINERIZATION AS A CRITICAL DRIVER OF A SUSTAINABLE BLUE ECONOMY: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA
Containerization has transformed maritime logistics worldwide by improving efficiency, reducing cargo handling costs, and facilitating international trade. In Nigeria, the adoption of containerized shipping is critical to the development of a sustainable blue economy, yet its full potential remains underutilized due to operational and infrastructural challenges. This study examines the relationship between containerization and the sustainable blue economy in Nigeria, focusing on trade efficiency, economic growth, environmental sustainability, and operational challenges. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining structured questionnaires administered to 174 maritime stakeholders (selected via stratified random sampling across four stakeholder groups) and qualitative insights from 8 purposively selected experts. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean scores) and content analysis, with a benchmark mean score of ≥2.50 set for acceptance on a 4-point scale. The instrument yielded a Cronbach Alpha of 0.80, indicating high reliability. The findings indicate that containerization significantly enhances trade efficiency and contributes to economic growth, while also offering potential for environmental sustainability. However, challenges such as port congestion, inadequate infrastructure, high logistics costs, and poor hinterland connectivity constrain its effectiveness. The study concludes that containerization is a critical enabler of Nigeria's blue economy, but addressing operational and structural challenges is essential to fully realize its benefits. Recommendations include investment in modern port infrastructure, adoption of green port technologies, improved hinterland connectivity, and regulatory reforms to enhance efficiency.
INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON PARENTAL INTERFERENCE ON MARITAL BONDING AMONG MARRIED TEACHERS IN KWARA STATE
Parental interference in marital bonding has become a significant concern, as it may reduce one or both partners’ self-efficacy, limit their ability to independently resolve marital issues, and weaken marital relationships, particularly within many Nigerian socio-cultural settings. This study investigated the influence of gender on parental interference on marital bonding among married teachers in Kwara State, Nigeria, with emphasis on the extent to which interference constitutes a problem in marital relationships. A descriptive survey design was adopted, using multistage and criterion sampling techniques across three Local Government Areas. The population comprised 8,876 junior secondary school teachers, while a sample of 350 married teachers was selected using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination table. Data were collected using an adapted Marital Interference and Boundaries Scale (MIBS), with reliability coefficient of 0.76. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that parental interference on marital bonding is a prevalent problem, with 76.6% of respondents experiencing moderate interference, 16.6% high interference, and 6.9% low interference. This suggests that parental involvement, though sometimes beneficial, often disrupts marital autonomy and creates tension between spouses. The study also found no significant gender difference in parental interference on marital bonding. The study concluded that parental interference is a common and persistent issue that can undermine marital stability if not properly managed. It was recommended that couples establish clear boundaries with parents, counseling and community-based interventions be implemented to reduce excessive parental involvement in marital relationships.
impact international journals of education
SCHOOL-COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT AND TEACHERS’ DIGITAL LITERACY IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
The study investigated the extent to which school-community involvement predicts teachers’ digital literacy in Public Secondary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria. Three research questions and hypotheses guided the study. An empirical literature review was conducted. An expost-facto research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised 4,982 secondary school teachers. A sample of 1,495 representing 30% of the entire population was drawn using simple random and stratified sampling techniques. A researcher’s developed questionnaire titled “School-Community Involvement and Teachers’ Digital Literacy Questionnaire (SCITDLQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was subjected to face validation and its internal consistency ascertained using Cronbach Alpha. The reliability ranged from 0.80 to 0.89. Simple Linear Regression was used in testing the hypotheses all at a significant level of 0.05. Result of the analysis revealed that school-community involvement in terms of Decision-making participation, Parental involvement and Resource support significantly predict teachers’ digital literacy in public secondary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was concluded that school-community involvement in terms of Decision-making participation, Parental involvement and Resource support are predictors of teachers’ digital literacy in public secondary schools in Cross River State, Nigeria. It was therefore recommended among others that Public secondary schools in Cross River State should establish official digital communication channels that require teacher-parent interaction, thereby creating a practical necessity for teachers to maintain and improve their digital literacy.
IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON BANKING EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM THE BANK OF INDUSTRY, KADUNA STATE
The study examined the impact of information technology on banking efficiency at the Bank of Industry, Kaduna State. The increasing adoption of information technology in banking has transformed service delivery, but its effect on efficiency remains a topic of interest. The study utilized a mixed-methods adesign, specifically a survey and documentary research design. The population of the study was 400 staff and clients of the Bank of Industry Kaduna branch, and a sample of 200 participants was derived using the Taro Yamane formula. The major findings revealed that the information technology components collectively explained 72.8% of the variance in banking efficiency which indicate a significant positive relationship between information technology adoption and banking efficiency, highlighting the need for continued technological investment. It was also revealed that Core Banking Applications and Online Banking Platforms had the strongest significant positive effects on banking efficiency. The study therefore, concluded that information technology has been a primary driver of improved efficiency in the Bank of Industry, drastically reducing loan processing times and operational costs. The study recommended among other things that the bank must prioritize strategic investment in its core information technology infrastructure (networks, power, and servers) to address the significant reliability gap, which is currently undermining its other successful information technology-driven systems.
impact international journals of Social Sciences
IMPACT OF SCHOOL-COMMUNITY COMMUNICATION AND PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON TEACHERS' JOB PERFORMANCE IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS, KADUNA STATE
The study examined the Impact of School-Community Communication and Parental Involvement on Teachers' Job Performance in Senior Secondary Schools, Kaduna State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The target population of the study was teachers, principals, PTA officials, and SBMC officials in Senior Secondary Schools, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The selection of 365 sample of respondents was based on the recommendation of Research Advisors (2006) Table for Selection of Sample Size. Simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the Local Government to be cover by the study which amount to 8 out 23 Local Government Areas. These Local Government Areas are Igabi, Kachia, Kaduna North, Kagarko, Kajuru Lere, Sabon Gari and Zaria. The sample of respondents comprise of 42 Principals, 187 Teachers, 68 PTA Officials and 68 SBMC officials, thus making a total of 365 respondents. Descriptive statistics (frequency and mean) were used to answer the research questions, while One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed among others that effective communication between school management, teachers, and community members enhances teachers’ decision-making, timely reporting, and overall performance in school activities. The study concluded that school community partnership collectively affects the management of teachers’ job performance in Senior Secondary Schools in Kaduna State. Thus, the study recommended among others that: School authorities should strengthen communication channels between management, teachers, and community stakeholders to enhance decision-making and performance. Parental involvement should be actively encouraged through regular meetings, feedback sessions, and participation in student development activities.
THE CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed the educational sector by enabling personalized learning, intelligent tutoring systems, automated assessment, and administrative support. Despite these benefits, the integration of AI in education is accompanied by several challenges and limitations. This paper critically examines the ethical, technological, pedagogical, and socio-cultural challenges associated with the adoption of artificial intelligence in education. The study is based on a review of existing literature on AI applications in educational environments. The findings reveal that major ethical concerns include data privacy, algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, and the risk of depersonalization in learning. Technological limitations such as inadequate infrastructure, high implementation costs, and lack of technical expertise also hinder AI adoption, particularly in developing countries. Pedagogically, AI systems cannot fully replace teachers due to the importance of human interaction, emotional support, and critical thinking development. Social and cultural constraints such as the digital divide, resistance to technology adoption, and inequality in access to digital resources further limit the effective implementation of AI in education. The paper concludes that while artificial intelligence has significant potential to improve education, its successful implementation requires ethical guidelines, teacher training, infrastructure development, and inclusive policies to ensure equitable access to AI technologies in education.
Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd)
EFFECTS OF GENERATIVE LEARNING APPROACH ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION OF POLLUTION CONCEPTS IN BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
This study investigated the effects of the Generative Learning Approach on students’ academic achievement and retention of pollution concepts in Basic Science and Technology in Plateau State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental non-randomized pretest–posttest non-equivalent control group design was adopted. The study involved 126 Junior Secondary School II students drawn from two public secondary schools in Pankshin Area Directorate of Education. One intact class served as the experimental group and was taught using the Generative Learning Approach, while the control group received instruction through the conventional teaching method. Data were collected using the Basic Science Achievement Test and the Basic Science Retention Test, both of which were validated by experts and yielded acceptable reliability coefficients. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Covariance was employed to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that students taught using the Generative Learning Approach achieved significantly higher post-test scores and demonstrated superior retention of pollution concepts compared to those taught using the conventional method. Gender differences in achievement and retention were minimal, indicating that the approach was effective for both male and female students. The study concludes that the Generative Learning Approach enhances meaningful understanding and long-term retention of environmental concepts and recommends its integration into Basic Science and Technology instruction to improve learning outcomes.
impact international journals of Sciences
academic achievement, knowledge retention
INDIGENOUS AGENCY IN THE TRANSITION FROM MISSIONARY TO AFRICAN CHURCH LEADERSHIP IN NIGERIA
The transition from European missionary-dominated churches to African ecclesiastical governance in Nigeria represents a landmark development in the history of African Christianity, reflecting the complex interplay of socio-cultural, political, and theological forces in the postcolonial era (Kalu, 2008). This paper examines the critical importance of indigenous agency as the process through which African clergy and laity restructured leadership, contextualized theology, and institutionalized autonomy within the Anglican Church in Nigeria. The study adopts a historical-qualitative research design, drawing upon archival sources, diocesan documents, synodical reports, missionary correspondence, theological publications, and oral testimonies. Comparative insights from Methodist and Roman Catholic transitions to African leadership enrich the analytical framework. The research identifies five critical dimensions of indigenous agency: advanced theological education, strategic advocacy for episcopal appointments, theological contextualization, institutional consolidation, and socio-political engagement. Through case studies of pioneering bishops and dioceses, the study demonstrates that African leadership transformed missionary-dependent institutions into self-sustaining, culturally resonant bodies of faith. The findings affirm that sustained indigenous agency, rooted in contextual leadership and culturally informed governance, is indispensable to the long-term survival, relevance, and social witness of the Nigerian Anglican Church.
2023 FUEL SUBSIDY REMOVAL AND THE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN ABUJA
This study examined the impact of the 2023 fuel subsidy removal on the growth and operational sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Abuja, anchored on the cost-push theory of inflation. Despite the policy’s fiscal rationale, limited empirical evidence existed on its firm-level effects and the coping strategies adopted by SMEs. The study employed a mixed-method approach, combining structured questionnaires with key informant interviews. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select 349 respondents from a population of 2,825 SMEs, of which 315 valid responses were analysed alongside 6 interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using simple percentages, while qualitative data were thematically analysed. The findings revealed that 94.6% of SMEs were directly affected by the subsidy removal. Major impacts included increased transportation costs (95.9%), higher operational costs (94.0%), reduced profit margins (91.7%), and decreased consumer demand (80.3%). In response, SMEs adopted various adjustment strategies, including price increases (91.1%), workforce reduction (71.7%), use of alternative energy sources (56.5%), and supplier renegotiation (50.5%). These findings supported the cost-push theory, which posits that rising input costs compel firms to adjust prices or internal operations. However, the study found that SMEs were unable to fully transfer increased costs to consumers due to weak purchasing power. The study concluded that fuel subsidy removal significantly constrained SME growth and operational sustainability in Abuja. It recommended targeted government support, improved access to energy-efficient alternatives, and strategic business restructuring to enhance SME resilience in a post-subsidy economic environment.
INDIGENOUS ECCLESIASTICAL LEADERSHIP AND CHURCH GROWTH IN POSTCOLONIAL NIGERIA
This paper examines indigenous ecclesiastical leadership and its pivotal contribution to the growth and consolidation of Christianity in postcolonial Nigeria. The central research problem concerns how the transition from missionary-governed ecclesial structures to locally rooted leadership has affected church growth, theological relevance, and community engagement. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of contemporary scholars in African Christianity and missiology, this study investigates how indigenous leaders have contributed to diocesan multiplication, congregational vitality, contextual theology, evangelistic mobilisation, and social witness, while assessing the structural and governance challenges that bear upon long-term sustainability. A historical and qualitative methodology was adopted, relying on archival records, denominational documents, and secondary literature in African church history and theology. The findings demonstrate that indigenous leadership has catalysed substantial structural reorganisation, accelerated the growth of parishes and dioceses, and stimulated the establishment of schools, hospitals, and social welfare programmes. Leaders championed vernacular theology and cultural liturgical adaptation, thereby deepening congregational identity and ownership of faith. Evangelistic programmes became more culturally attuned and socially engaged, while systematic theological training ensured doctrinal integrity and institutional stability. Indigenous leaders further advanced national cohesion, reconciliation, and justice advocacy, positioning the church as a credible actor in public life. Notwithstanding persistent challenges relating to resource scarcity, ethnic plurality, and governance pressures, indigenous ecclesiastical leadership remains foundational to Nigerian Christianity. The paper concludes that ethically grounded, culturally contextualised, and structurally adaptive leadership is indispensable for sustainable church growth, offering instructive lessons to both African and global Christian communities.
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND TEACHERS’ JOB PERFORMANCE IN PRIVATE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN JOS SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
This study examined the relationship between Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and teachers’ job performance in private senior secondary schools in Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational research design. The population consisted of 2,310 teachers and 210 principals (including Vice Principals Academic) across 105 private secondary schools in the study area. Using an appropriate sampling technique, a sample of 217 teachers and 136 principals (N = 353) was selected. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Human Resource Management Practices and Teachers’ Job Performance Questionnaire (HRMPTJPQ). The instrument was validated by experts, and its reliability was established prior to use. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, and standard deviation to answer research questions, while Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The study was anchored on Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, which posits that motivation and job satisfaction are influenced by intrinsic (motivators) and extrinsic (hygiene) factors. The findings revealed that teachers valued participation in decision-making and believed such involvement enhanced their job performance, although they reported limited consultation. The results further showed a significant positive relationship between HRM practices and teachers’ job performance (r = 0.63, p < 0.05). Significant relationships were also found between principal interpersonal relations and teachers’ job performance (r = 0.58, p < 0.05), and between teachers’ participation in decision-making and job performance (r = 0.69, p < 0.05). The study recommends strengthening HRM practices, improving principal–teacher relations, and promoting participatory decision-making.
INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING ATTRIBUTES ON CUSTOMER RETENTION AMONG CONSUMERS OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE PRODUCTS IN DAMATURU, YOBE STATE, NIGERIA
This study examined the influence of packaging attributes on customer retention in the food and beverage industry in Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigated the effects of visual, functional, and informational packaging attributes on consumer retention. A survey research design was employed, targeting a population of 3,570 consumers, with a sample of 346 respondents determined using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses. The findings revealed that visual packaging attributes (r = 0.72, p < 0.01), functional packaging attributes (r = 0.66, p < 0.01), and informational packaging attributes (r = 0.61, p < 0.01) all have significant positive effects on customer retention. Multiple regression analysis further showed that these three variables collectively explained 61% of the variance in customer retention (R² = 0.61, F = 175.32, p < 0.01). The study concludes that effective packaging design, quality, and clear product information are critical drivers of consumer loyalty. It recommends that businesses adopt innovative, visually appealing, and functional packaging, adhere to regulatory standards, and enhance the clarity of product information to strengthen brand loyalty.
SHOCKWAVES OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON EDUCATION AND THE ALTERNATIVE USE OF ICT IN ADAMAWA STATE COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY, YOLA, NIGERIA
This study examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on education and explored the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as an alternative tool for enhancing teaching and learning. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study was conducted at the Adamawa State College of Nursing and Midwifery, Yola, Nigeria, with a total of 172 respondents comprising 122 student nurses and midwives and 50 academic staff, selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a validated 16-item questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency counts and percentages. The findings revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted academic activities through school closures, extended study durations, and barriers to the teaching and learning process. Furthermore, results indicated that ICT tools such as e-learning platforms, videoconferencing, and internet-based applications are effective in enhancing teaching and learning. It is recommended that government and educational stakeholders commit to integrating ICT-based approaches into Nigeria's educational framework to ensure continuity of learning during future crises.
ASSESSING CHEMISTRY TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF OBJECTIVE TEST CONSTRUCTION IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN LANGTANG NORTH LGA, NIGERIA
This study assessed Chemistry teachers’ knowledge of objective test construction in senior secondary schools in Langtang North Local Government Area (LGA), Plateau State, Nigeria. The study was guided by four research questions and two null hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, with a sample of 60 Chemistry teachers drawn from a population of 120 using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a validated and reliable instrument titled Teachers’ Knowledge of Objective Test Construction Questionnaire (TKOTCQ) (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.81). Descriptive statistics (mean and percentages) were used to answer the research questions, while One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that Chemistry teachers possess a generally high level of knowledge of objective test construction procedures (cluster mean = 3.10 on a 4-point Likert scale), although weaknesses were observed in technical areas such as item analysis and distractor development. Academic qualification significantly influenced teachers’ knowledge of test construction (cluster mean = 3.46 on a 4-point Likert scale), with postgraduate-qualified teachers demonstrating the highest competence. This was confirmed by the ANOVA result (F(2,57) = 14.37, p < 0.05), leading to the rejection of the first null hypothesis. Similarly, teaching experience was found to have a significant effect on teachers’ ability to construct objective test items (cluster mean = 3.43 on a 4-point Likert scale), with more experienced teachers performing better. The ANOVA result (F(2,57) = 11.83, p < 0.05) led to the rejection of the second null hypothesis. The study concludes that while Chemistry teachers in Langtang North LGA demonstrate substantial knowledge of objective test construction, both academic qualification and teaching experience significantly enhance this competence. It recommends targeted professional development programmes focusing on psychometric skills such as item analysis and distractor development to address the persistent gaps identified in this study.
CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE AND TEAM PERFORMANCE IN THE NIGERIAN POLICE FORCE, AKWA IBOM STATE COMMAND
This study examined the impact of cultural intelligence on team performance in the Nigerian Police Force, Akwa Ibom State Command. Specifically, it evaluated how cognitive and behavioral dimensions of cultural intelligence influence team cohesion. A survey research design was employed, with a sample of 357 police officers drawn from a population of 5,288 using Krejcie and Morgan's Sample Size Table. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and a regression model was applied for analysis. The study found that both cognitive and behavioral cultural intelligence have a statistically significant positive effect on team cohesion within the Command. Moreover, the combined effects of these dimensions demonstrated a significant positive impact, with cognitive cultural intelligence emerging as a stronger predictor than behavioral cultural intelligence. The study concludes that cultural intelligence significantly enhances team cohesion and overall performance in the Nigerian Police Force, Akwa Ibom State Command. Accordingly, it recommends that the Command implement structured cultural intelligence (CQ) programs with an emphasis on cognitive CQ, given its strong predictive value for teamwork effectiveness. Behavioral CQ should also be developed through targeted training and considered in recruitment and team formation processes. Continuous CQ development through workshops, simulations, role-playing, and mentorship, accompanied by regular evaluation and feedback, is advised to sustain long-term teamwork and operational performance.
Cognitive Cultural Intelligence (CogCQ),
Behavioral Cultural Intelligence(BehCQ),
PREDICTING NCE CHEMISTRY STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE IN REDOX TITRATION: A MULTINOMIAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION APPROACH
This study examined the predictive influence of examination scores, class attendance, and practical laboratory performance on students’ achievement in redox titration. Using a quantitative ex-post facto design, data were collected from 174 NCE 200-level chemistry students in Oyo, Nigeria. Participants were classified into low, average, and high performance categories using Jamovi (v2.7). Multinomial logistic regression indicated a moderate model fit (McFadden R2 = 0.196), with omnibus tests confirming all predictors were statistically significant (p < .001). High performance was significantly predicted by examination scores, attendance, and practical work. While the model distinguished high from low performers, it was less effective for the average category. These findings underscore the importance of integrating attendance monitoring and practical work into chemistry curricula. This study contributes a novel methodological approach to addressing academic performance challenges in Nigerian higher education.
INDIGENOUS CULTURAL SYSTEMS AND SYMBOLIC COMMUNICATION AMONG EGGON, ALAGO, AND KANURI COMMUNITIES IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Communication and culture contribute significantly to shaping societies. Cultural systems perform communicative roles in which societies express their identities and values. Despite their significance, there is limited scholarly attention and documentation of how these systems function in many Nigerian communities. This study explores the cultural systems of three selected ethnic groups in Nasarawa State and their communicative significance. It is set on symbolic interactionism theory and examines how cultural systems such as language, myths, religion, festivals and others send messages across communities. Using qualitative research method, the research employs participant observation and interview to describe and interpret how cultural systems are symbolized among selected communities. The study also notes that despite globalization and modernization practices, certain traditions still remain intact. Some however, such as tribal marks and local language use may have eroded. The paper thus suggests that individuals, media and policy makers actively engage in communication of culture to boost sustenance.
A HERMENEUTIC ANALYSIS OF PERSONAL RECOGNITION IN BUBER AND KANT
Personal recognition is central to human self-understanding, ethical conduct, and social cohesion. This paper examines recognition through the philosophical perspectives of Martin Buber and Immanuel Kant, arguing that an integrative approach captures both its relational and ethical dimensions. Using a hermeneutical methodology, the study analyses Buber’s I-Thou framework, which emphasises dialogue, mutual presence, and treating others as subjects rather than objects. Kant’s Categorical Imperative, by contrast, establishes recognition as a moral duty grounded in universal principles, respect for autonomy, and the intrinsic dignity of all persons. By comparing these perspectives, the paper shows that relational engagement alone risks subjectivity, while moral obligation alone may lack practical relational grounding. Integrating Buberian and Kantian insights provides a dual framework where recognition is both ethically mandated and relationally enacted. The study further demonstrates the practical relevance of this model in conflict resolution, showing how recognising the rights, autonomy, and dignity of all parties can mitigate disputes, foster cooperation, and strengthen social cohesion. Ultimately, the paper contributes to debates in moral philosophy, social theory, and conflict studies by presenting recognition as a comprehensive moral and relational practice, bridging individual experience and universal ethical obligation.
EFFECT OF FLIPPED CLASSROOM STRATEGY ON UPPER BASIC II STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS SOCIAL STUDIES IN GWER-WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA
The study investigated the effect of flipped classroom strategy on Upper Basic II students' attitude towards Social Studies in Benue State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The research design employed for the study was quasi-experimental research design, pre-test, post-test non-equivalent control group. Population consisted of 292 (155 male and 137 females) Upper Basic II students in public schools during the 2024/2025 academic session. Sample comprised 71 (31 males and 40 females) Upper Basic II students in two intact classes in two schools. Multi-stage sampling procedure was employed for the study. Social Studies Attitude Questionnaire (SSAQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts in Faculty of Education, Rev. Fr. Moses Orshio Adasu University, Makurdi. The instrument was further trial tested to determine the reliability coefficient. SSAQ was calculated using Cronbach Alpha and yielded 0.63. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that flipped classroom strategy had a significant positive effect on students' attitude ratings (p < .001) towards Social Studies compared to lecture strategy. No significant difference was found between the attitude ratings (p < 0.609) of male and female students taught using flipped classroom strategy. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended, among others, that Social Studies teachers at the Upper Basic level should be encouraged to adopt and implement flipped classroom strategy in their teaching practice to help shift the classroom from a teacher-centred environment to a learner-centred and participatory one.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF COCHLOSPERMUM TINCTORIUM AND CASSIA SINGUEANA
Typhoid fever is a common disease reported in Africa and remains a major public health concern in recent times. While several factors contribute to this health challenge, it is primarily associated with pathogens such as Salmonella typhi and other microorganisms present in the environment. In this study, four clinical isolates (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi) were used to test for the antibacterial activity of Cochlospermum tinctorium and Cassia singueana. Four solvents—ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol and chloroform—were used for the extraction of active components from air-dried pulverized plant materials using cold maceration. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method at a concentration of 2000 µg/mL. Phytochemical screening and FTIR analysis of chromatographically separated fractions were also conducted. Methanol extracts showed the highest antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 27 mm and 25 mm against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus respectively for Cochlospermum tinctorium, and up to 23 mm against Salmonella typhi for Cassia singueana. Other solvent extracts showed moderate activity ranging from 10–17 mm. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, glycosides, alkaloids and related secondary metabolites in both plant materials. FTIR analysis of purified fractions revealed functional groups such as alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes and hydroxyl-containing compounds. The findings from this study indicate that Cochlospermum tinctorium and Cassia singueana possess bioactive compounds with notable antibacterial activity, supporting their traditional medicinal use. However, the results are preliminary, and further studies involving compound isolation, toxicity evaluation, and in vivo analysis are required to establish their full therapeutic potential.
EDUCATIONAL BARRIERS FACING ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN IN NIGERIA; A CONCEPTUAL AND POLICY REVIEW
This paper is a conceptual and literature-based review that examines the educational challenges and support needs of Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) in Nigeria. Drawing on existing studies, policy documents, and programme reports, the paper highlights that OVC face interconnected barriers including poverty, psychosocial distress, weak policy implementation, inadequate infrastructure, and limited teacher preparedness. The literature shows that these factors collectively affect access, retention, and learning outcomes, particularly in rural and conflict-affected regions. It further indicates that while interventions such as cash transfers, school feeding programmes, inclusive teaching practices, and community engagement have improved participation in some contexts, their effectiveness often depends on coordination, sustainability, and institutional capacity. Based on this body of evidence, the paper recommends a multi-sectorial approach involving government, schools, families, and development partners. Key recommendations include increased and targeted funding, strengthened teacher capacity, improved infrastructure, expanded social protection, and enhanced monitoring systems. These recommendations are not presented as empirical findings but as informed proposals derived from the reviewed literature. The study concludes that addressing OVC education requires integrated and context-sensitive strategies that go beyond access to ensure meaningful and sustained learning outcomes, contributing to Nigeria’s long-term human capital development.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE DELIVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN LAFIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NASARAWA STATE
This study examined local government administration, primary health care delivery, and infrastructural development in the Lafia Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria, covering the period 2015–2024. Despite constitutional responsibilities and statutory allocations, service delivery and infrastructure provision remain inadequate, raising concerns about administrative effectiveness in promoting rural development. The study was anchored on Effective Service Delivery Theory, which emphasises efficiency, accountability, and the capacity of public institutions to translate resources into tangible outcomes. A descriptive survey design with a mixed-method approach was adopted. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 400 respondents selected using simple random sampling, out of which 385 valid responses were retrieved and analysed. Key informant interviews were also conducted to complement the quantitative data. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (chi-square), while qualitative data were analysed thematically. Findings revealed that local government administration in Lafia LGA has had a limited and uneven impact on both primary health care delivery and infrastructural development. Although some improvements were observed in accessibility, major challenges persist, including inadequate health personnel, poor infrastructure, irregular drug supply, weak financial accountability, and ineffective policy implementation. The study concludes that local government efforts have not translated into substantial improvements in service quality or sustainable development. It recommends improved staffing, equipment, and drug supply in primary health care centers, alongside enhanced planning, funding utilisation, and maintenance of rural infrastructure to strengthen service delivery outcomes.
ETHICAL LEADERSHIP AND CORRUPTION IN NIGERIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS ON NATIONAL INTEREST
Corruption remains a major governance challenge in Nigeria, with persistent effects on public institutions and national development despite ongoing reform efforts. This study examines the impact of institutional corruption on Nigeria’s national interest and assesses the role of ethical leadership in addressing these challenges. Guided by Principal–Agent Theory, the study adopts a qualitative narrative review approach, drawing on peer-reviewed literature and policy reports, which are analysed thematically. The findings show that corruption undermines national interest by weakening economic performance, eroding political legitimacy, reducing social cohesion, and compromising national security, particularly through revenue leakages, distorted procurement processes, and weakened rule of law. The study identifies key ethical leadership strategies for mitigating corruption, including impartial enforcement of rules, strengthening the autonomy of anti-corruption institutions, and promoting transparency through digital governance systems. The study concludes that corruption in Nigeria is primarily a governance and leadership problem. Sustainable anti-corruption outcomes depend on institutionalising ethical leadership through stronger judicial integrity, consistent reform implementation, and enhanced civic oversight. Embedding ethical leadership within public institutions is therefore critical to protecting national interests and strengthening democratic governance.
EFFECTS OF ABOLITION OF THE MOTHER TONGUE MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION ON THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN EARLY PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
The study examined the effects of the abolition of the mother tongue medium of instruction on the quality of education in early primary schools in Kano State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Four research objectives and corresponding research questions guided this study. The population consisted of all primary school teachers in public primary schools in Kano State. The total population is 46,520 teachers’. A multistage sampling technique, including stratified sampling and purposeful sampling, was used to select teachers. A sample size of 300 teachers was selected. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled “Effects of Abolition of Mother Tongue Medium of Instruction Questionnaire (EAMTMIQ).” The instrument was validated by experts. Reliability was determined using Cronbach’s Alpha, and the reliability coefficient yielded 0.8. The researcher administered the questionnaires personally with the assistance of trained research assistants. The data collected were analyzed using the mean and standard deviation. The findings revealed that the abolition of mother tongue instruction negatively affects the quality of education in early primary schools. Also the findings revealed that abolishing mother tongue instruction undermine learning effectiveness, comprehension, and educational quality in early primary education. It was concluded that mother tongue instruction facilitates deeper understanding of concepts and enhances quality education in early primary school. Based on the findings recommendations were made that teachers should adopt bilingual teaching approaches that combine mother tongue and English to enhance comprehension, also government should reinstate the use of mother tongue as a medium of instruction in early primary education as recommended in the National Policy on Education.
EFFECT OF KYAN MACHINE-ASSISTED INSTRUCTION ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
The integration of digital instructional technologies in secondary education has become an important strategy for improving teaching effectiveness and student learning outcomes. This study examined the effect of Kyan Machine–assisted instruction on students’ academic performance in selected secondary schools in Jigawa State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted to compare the academic achievement of students taught using Kyan Machine–supported lessons with those taught using conventional teaching methods. The study involved a sample of 300 senior secondary school students selected from ten public secondary schools, comprising five Science Secondary and five Non Science secondary schools. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamane formula, and students were divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected using a Students’ Achievement Test designed to measure academic performance in core subjects taught during the instructional period. The instrument was validated by experts in educational technology and measurement, while reliability testing using the Kuder–Richardson (KR-20) method produced a coefficient of 0.78, indicating acceptable internal consistency. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and an independent sample t-test at a 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that students exposed to Kyan Machine–assisted instruction achieved higher mean scores (M = 68.4, SD = 8.2) compared with students taught using conventional teaching methods (M = 56.3, SD = 9.5). The independent sample t-test indicated a statistically significant difference in academic performance between the two groups (t(298) = 9.87, p < 0.05), suggesting that the use of the Kyan Machine positively influenced students’ learning outcomes. The findings highlight the potential of multimedia-supported instruction to enhance conceptual understanding and improve classroom learning experiences. The study concludes that Kyan Machine–assisted instruction can significantly improve students’ academic performance when effectively integrated into classroom teaching. It therefore recommends increased adoption of digital instructional technologies, teacher training on multimedia-based pedagogy, and improved technical support systems to maximise the benefits of educational technology in secondary schools.
DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION AND COMPANY EXPANSION IN NIGERIA
Disruptive innovation contributed a major part in shaping business landscapes, especially in emerging markets such as Nigeria. This study examined the relationship between disruptive innovation and company expansion in Nigeria. The objective of this research was to examine the relationship between disruptive innovation and company market share growth and also to determine the relationship between disruptive innovation and customer expansion base. The population of the study comprised the banking, retail, technology, communication, and manufacturing sectors in Nigeria. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean, and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using a referential statistical tool such as correlation coefficient. The sampling technique adopted was purposive sampling, and the sample size was 20, which included chief executives and managers of these firms. This research adopted a mixed-method approach. The findings revealed that companies adopting disruptive innovations on digital platforms such as fintech, solutions to renewable energy, and agritech realized quick expansion by addressing neglected markets and promoting customer-centric solutions. Though these innovations most times required conquering barriers, including policy misalignment and access to capital. The study focused on the importance of a robust ecosystem that encourages innovations through investment incentives, public-private partnerships, and targeted capacity building. The paper concluded that disruptive innovation was a strategy adopted by firms to expand. It therefore recommended targeted investment in digital infrastructure, the promotion of responsive organizational structures, and investment in research and development.
INDUSTRIALISATION POLICY AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA (2015–2023)
This paper examined the link between the state’s industrialisation policy and unemployment in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, between 2015 and 2023, a period of intensive state-driven industrialisation drive in Nigeria. This study employed a descriptive survey research design. The entire population of the Akwa Ibom State was targeted. Using the standard sample size formula for large populations, the sample size of 385 respondents was determined. The proportionate stratified sampling technique was employed, allocating the sample size across the 31 local government areas of the state, proportionate to the size of the population. The data collection instrument, comprising 20 items, was a questionnaire using a 4-point Likert scale. Key Informant Interviews were used as the supplementary data collection tool. The content validity of the questionnaire was established, while the reliability was established using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient, which was found to be 0.82. The data analysis employed the use of tables and simple percentages. The findings showed that although the number of industrial establishments had been rising in the state, their employment-generating potential had been seriously impeded by various factors, which included inadequate infrastructure, capital-intensive production patterns, a large skills gap between the labour force and industries, and inadequate access to finance for small and medium-scale industries. These factors had impeded the labour absorption mechanism of the Lewis Dual Sector Model of Industrialisation and Development, which was supposed to explain the link between industrialisation and employment creation in Nigeria. It recommended the development of infrastructure, promotion of labour-intensive industries, skills development of the labour force, and effective implementation of state policies and programmes to improve the employment-generating potential of the state’s industrialisation drive.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH IMPACT OF SOLID WASTE DUMPSITES IN MINNA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
This study investigated the environmental and health implications of solid waste disposal in Minna metropolis, the objectives were to aassess the socio-economic characteristics of the residents of Minna metropolis. Examine the environmental and health impacts of improper waste disposal on the community, and Examine residents' perceptions of health risks associated with dumpsites in Minna. A descriptive survey design was employed, and data were collected from 384 households through structured questionnaires and random interviews. The results showed that malaria (42.2%), diarrhea (16.4%), and skin-irritation & dermatitis (15.4%) were the most prevalent diseases associated with solid waste dumpsites. The patterns of disease prevalence varied across communities, with FM-Maitumbi having the highest malaria prevalence (60%) and Albishiri having the highest diarrhea prevalence (31.3%). The result further shows that open burning of waste releases toxic gases, particulate matter, and greenhouse gases contributing to climate change and respiratory health issues. The study recommended the need for improved waste management infrastructure, public education, and community engagement to mitigate the risks associated with open dumpsites. The findings underscore the importance of integrated approaches to waste management and disease prevention, and have implications for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and communities.
LEGISLATIVE CONTINGENCY AND ELECTORAL TRANSPARENCY IN NIGERIA: MEDIA FRAMING, THE ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION PROVISON AND PUBLIC TRUST UNDER THE ELECTORAL ACT 2026
Nigeria's Electoral Act 2026, signed on 18 February 2026, introduced mandatory electronic result transmission, statutory recognition of the INEC Result Viewing Portal (IReV), mandatory use of the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS), and criminal sanctions for wilful upload obstruction. These reforms responded to structural failures exposed during the 2023 General Elections and subsequent litigation in Obi v. I.N.E.C. (No. 1) (2023). This paper examines the 2026 Act through legislative design analysis and political communication theory. It argues that the Act retains a reconstituted legislative contingency: the mandatory transmission obligation under Section 60(3) is qualified by an undefined "communication failure" proviso that preserves institutional discretion over the very transparency mechanisms the reform was designed to secure. Using doctrinal legal analysis, institutional analysis, and Afrobarometer survey data, the paper identifies three contingency mechanisms carried forward from the 2022 Act, evaluates the 2026 Act's partial remedies, and shows that residual contingency provisions will continue to interact with media narratives and public trust in ways that could undermine the 2027 elections. The paper recommends targeted amendments to close the remaining contingency gaps alongside a proactive political communication strategy to rebuild institutional credibility.