ASSESSING THE PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES OF LIVELIHOOD SUPPORT PROGRAMS AMONG IDPS IN BORNO AND YOBE STATES
Keywords:
refugee, support programs, internally displaced persons, livelihood, sustainabilityAbstract
The global displacement crisis continues to affect millions worldwide, with refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) experiencing severe socio-economic challenges. In Nigeria, the insurgency in the Northeastern states of Borno and Yobe has led to substantial internal displacement, heightening the need for sustainable interventions. Livelihood programs have emerged as a central strategy to reduce reliance on humanitarian aid and enhance resilience among IDPs. This study adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted across displacement camps in both states. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data were transcribed and thematically examined with NVivo. Findings identified key livelihood initiatives vocational training, microfinance, agricultural support, entrepreneurship, and cash transfers that contributed to improved food security, income generation, and skills development. However, program effectiveness was constrained by insecurity, inadequate funding, weak coordination, limited market access, and gender disparities, particularly affecting women and persons with disabilities. The study highlights the need for a comprehensive policy framework, sustainable financing, improved security, expanded vocational and digital training, inclusive financial services, and stronger multi-stakeholder collaboration. Strengthening livelihood opportunities is essential for fostering long-term self-reliance, stability, and socio-economic development in conflict-affected regions.References
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