EFFECT OF TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) COOPERATIVE LEARNING STRATEGY ON ACADEMIC MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE OF DEAF STUDENTS IN NORTH-WEST, NIGERIA
Keywords:
Team Games Tournament, Academic motivation, Performance, Deaf students, GeographyAbstract
This study investigates the effect of the Team Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning strategy on the academic motivation and performance of deaf students in Geography in North-West Nigeria. A one-group pre-test, post-test pre-experimental design was adopted, with a sample of twenty-six (26) Senior Secondary II deaf students selected through purposive sampling. The instruments used were the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) and Geography Academic Performance Test (GAPT). Data were analyzed using paired-samples t-tests at a 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed statistically significant increases in both academic motivation (mean: 73.00 to 120.91; t (25) = 10.029, p < .05) and academic performance (mean: 15.73 to 28.96; t (25) = 13.904, p < .05) following the TGT intervention. However, due to the absence of a control group, causal inferences cannot be made. It was concluded that TGT is a promising strategy that raises participation and teamwork among deaf students, but these preliminary findings require validation through more rigorous experimental designs. Teachers are encouraged to consider cooperative learning strategies to promote inclusive education.
Downloads
References
Abubakar, M., & Umar, S. (2022). Effect of cooperative learning strategies on academic achievement of deaf students in inclusive classrooms in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Journal of Special Needs Education, 8(1), 45–57.
Adebayo, F. A. (2020). Inclusive education and challenges of teaching students with hearing impairment in Nigeria. Journal of Special Education Studies, 6(2), 45–59.
Ahmad, N., Mahmood, S., & Khan, M. (2018). The impact of Team Games Tournament on students' motivation in secondary science. Pakistan Journal of Educational Research, 11(3), 102–115.
Ahmad, N., Mahmood, S., & Khan, M. (2021). The impact of Team Games Tournament on students' motivation and academic achievement in secondary schools. International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, 15(2), 76–88.
Darma, S., & Ibrahim, A. (2023). Cooperative learning and classroom participation among special needs students in Northeastern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Inclusive Education, 10(1), 22–35.
Huang, Y., & Lee, C. (2020). Effects of team-based tournaments on motivation and engagement among high school students. Asia-Pacific Journal of Educational Research, 3(4), 210–222.
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (2019). Learning together and alone: Cooperative, competitive, and individualistic learning (9th ed.). Allyn & Bacon.
Lawal, M., & Usman, A. (2022). Cooperative learning and motivation of deaf students in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Special Education, 9(1), 33–45.
Obiakor, F. E., & Offor, M. T. (2019). Inclusive education and peer-supported learning for deaf learners in developing contexts. International Journal of Disability and Education, 12(2), 88–101.
Olawale, T., & Adekunle, O. (2022). Cooperative learning strategies and student engagement in Nigerian special schools. Journal of Educational Psychology in Africa, 14(3), 67–78.
Olatoye, R. A., & Adekoya, O. A. (2021). Influence of cooperative learning strategies on students' learning motivation in secondary schools. Journal of Education and Practice, 12(3), 55–63.
Oludipe, D. I. (2017). Effect of cooperative learning on students' performance in science subjects in Nigerian secondary schools. African Journal of Educational Research and Development, 11(3), 102–113.
Putri, R., Sari, M., & Utomo, H. (2022). Team Games Tournament and student retention in geography education. Southeast Asian Journal of Educational Research, 9(2), 144–155.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation. American Psychologist, 75(5), 612–625.
Slavin, R. E. (1995). Cooperative learning: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). Allyn & Bacon.
Slavin, R. E. (2015). Cooperative learning in elementary and secondary schools. International Journal of Educational Research, 76(1), 177–185.
Tan, K., Lim, J., & Ng, P. (2019). Game-based cooperative learning and academic engagement in Asian classrooms. Journal of Educational Technology, 21(4), 310–325.
Umar, M., & Bello, H. (2021). Effect of Team Games Tournament on Geography achievement of senior secondary students in Katsina State, Nigeria. Journal of Science and Education Research, 7(2), 67–75.
WAEC Chief Examiner's Report. (2018–2020). West African Examinations Council Annual Reports. WAEC Press.
Yusuf, M. O. (2019). Impact of cooperative learning strategies on academic achievement and retention among secondary school students. Nigerian Journal of Educational Psychology, 23(2), 89–103.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, adaptation, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors are permitted to post their work online in institutional/disciplinary repositories or on their own websites. Pre-print versions posted online should include a citation and link to the final published version in Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication as soon as the issue is available; post-print versions (including the final publisher's PDF) should include a citation and link to the journal's website.
